V2X | V2X車聯網

  • V2X車聯網是什麼?
    當車輛都安裝了車載資通訊系統,就能和周遭的萬事萬物連線:可能是控制中心的伺服器機房、智慧城市的交通號誌與路側設備、或是其他車輛。這就是所謂的vehicle-to-everything (V2X)車聯網,其實也就是以車輛為主的物聯網

    V2X的「X」可能是各種裝置與事物,目前主要分為以下這四種:
    - Vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I)車與基礎建設:車輛能和號誌燈、電子道路收費系統智慧電桿等路側設備連線,增進行車安全與便利性。
    - Vehicle-to-network (V2N)車與網路:這裡所謂的網路,其實就是雲端運算資料中心,讓車輛能獲得導航等方面的協助。
    - Vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P)車與行人:人人都有智慧裝置,因此行人也能和車輛連線。
    Vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V)車與車:車輛能彼此連線,分享行車狀況,也能分享路況等有用的資訊。隨著先進駕駛輔助系統(ADAS)變得越來越發達,路上出現無人駕駛的自駕車,使得車輛與車輛之間的數據交流變得更為關鍵。

  • 為何需要?
    車輛與萬事萬物連線,將徹底顛覆我們認知中的交通、運輸與物流。基本上,可分為以下三大好處:
    - 更快速、更便利:駕駛提早得知路況,可以調整行駛路線,如果是自駕車,甚至能自動選擇換路。
    - 更安全:V2X車聯網有助於減少交通事故發生,讓駕駛、乘客和路人,大家都更安全。
    - 減少油耗、保護環境:行車更有效率,自然有助於降低油耗,減少碳排放量,減少車輛對環境的衝擊。

  • 技嘉的特色
    V2X車聯網的基礎,就是車載資通訊系統。技嘉科技提供In Vehicle Telematics Controller and IIOT Gateway(簡稱「車載資通訊控制器」TCU),及屬於單板電腦(SBC)規格的Telematics Module,這兩款產品都是V2X車聯網不可或缺的元素。

    「車載資通訊控制器」TCU,是基於ARM架構的多核計算平台,支援Android或Linux操作系統,並具備完善的網路通訊接口,確保車輛和其他智慧裝置能即時連線,互相交流資訊。此外,TCU提供各種I/O與擴充槽的選項,可連接外部感測器或模組,並提供內建Wi-Fi、藍芽5.0、E-compass,可選擇搭配5G、4G/LTE、GNSS等通訊或定位系統,適合不同駕駛環境。

    Telematics Module比TCU來得袖珍,但保留核心功能,可安裝在汽車上,也可安裝在汽車以外的裝置;例如無人搬運車(AGV)和自主式移動機器人(AMR),都能利用V2X車聯網技術,促進工業自動化工業物聯網(IIoT)落地。

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